Screening tests

Screening tests aim to detect common abnormalities in
pregnancies that are individually at low risk and provide
reassurance in most cases. There is widespread application of
routine screening tests for Down syndrome and neural tube
defects by biochemical testing and for fetal abnormality by
ultrasound scanning. Most couples will have little knowledge of
the disorders being tested for and will not be anticipating an
abnormal outcome at the time of testing, unlike couples
undergoing specific tests for a previously recognised risk of a
particular disorder. It is very important to provide information
before screening so that couples know what is being tested for
and appreciate the implications of an abnormal result, so that
they can make an informed decision about having the tests.
When abnormalities are detected, arrangements need to be
made to give the results in an appropriate setting, providing
sufficient information for the couple to make fully informed
decisions, with continuing support from clinical staff who have
experience in dealing with these situations.